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  Orbital Riveting is a cold forming process in which an orbiting tool held at a fixed angle (3 to 6 degrees) is used to progressively move malleable material into a desired, predetermined shape.  
     
  Orbital Riveting is also called spinning, radial riveting, brackering, spin riveting, peening or noiseless riveting.  
     
  Orbital Riveting is used to head, swage, crown, flare or draw a column or projection of malleable material and is often used in fastening and assembly to produce a high quality head form - to rivet without disruption of component material grain structure.  
     
 

 
  Similar to impact or compression forming and riveting, the axial load is reduced due to the mechanical advantage of the angular orbiting tool and progressive forming action. The axial load required is reduced up to 80% with orbital forming.  
     
  This reduction in compressive axial load has several advantages:  
 

 
  Many Applications  
 
  1. Most of the work done during orbital riveting occurs at the orbiting tool’s line of contact. Internal stress loads, caused by a high compressive axial load applied to the assembled components, are greatly reduced. Forming work is focused. Fastener sees less stress. Mating parts experience less stress.
  2. Orbital Riveting produces a smooth finished surface. In some applications, it has been used to eliminate cracks that could not be avoided with impact riveting. See crack free rivet clinches.
  3. Cold head forming without bending or swelling of the fastener shank is possible since the forming load does not typically exceed the column strength of the fastener.
  4. Less axial load required for forming means much lighter press requirements. On larger parts, equipment tonnage, floor space and cost are greatly reduced.
  5. Lower forming force requirements means less rigid fixturing is required, reducing initial tooling costs.
  6. Due to lower forces, tools and fixtures last longer.
  7. As one of the orbital riveting synonyms (noiseless riveting) implies, orbital riveting is much quieter than impact forming or peening.
 
     
 
       
     

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